Grae Davis gave a Brains and Behavior talk entitled, "Homeostatic Control of Neural Function: From Phenomenology to Molecular Design".
He talked about homeostasis of the transmitter release that compensates reduced sensitivity or motoneuronal innervation of the postsynaptic muscle. If postsynaptic GluR was blocked by a toxin, the frequency of mEPSC increases and the size of EPSP recovers in 10 min. This was shown also by some mutants.
This recovery of EPSP amplitude is activity-independent. It seems like that the muscle is sensing the tonic release of transmitter from the presynaptic terminals, and release some retrograde messenger that regulates the transmitter release.
One candidate was called ephrins and Eph receptor.
Tuesday, December 9, 2008
Thursday, December 4, 2008
Thompson and Watson (2005) Melibe swim paper
Sint1 cell bodies are located on the medial dorsal surface just caudal to the prominent tentacular lobe that rises from the center of the pleural ganglion. 30-50 micron.
Sint1 branches in the pleural ganglion neuropil near the base of the optic lobe and projects to the ipsilateral pedal ganglion via the dorsal pleuralpedal connective, where it forms a series of arborizations.
A single sint2 is found near the dorsal midline of each pedal ganglion.
LY staining shows that sint2 branches in the pedal ganglion neuropil and sends a major process to the opposite pedal
ganglion via the circumesophageal, pedal-pedal connective.
sint1 can cause phase advance/delay.
There is reciprocal inhibition between left and right sint1 neurons, via direct IPSP.
sint1 innervates motoneurons.
sint1 and sint2 are electrically coupled.
Mutual inhibition between sint2 neurons.
Mutual inhibition between sint2 and the contralateral sint1
Activity in Sint1 and Sint2 dissociates during other locomotor behaviors.
the CPG for swimming is formed dynamically, when activity in the sint1 and sint2 cell pairs becomes bound together. When this does not occur, the same interneurons appear to function independently during the performance of other behaviors that involve the same or similar musculature, such as turning.
Sint1 branches in the pleural ganglion neuropil near the base of the optic lobe and projects to the ipsilateral pedal ganglion via the dorsal pleuralpedal connective, where it forms a series of arborizations.
A single sint2 is found near the dorsal midline of each pedal ganglion.
LY staining shows that sint2 branches in the pedal ganglion neuropil and sends a major process to the opposite pedal
ganglion via the circumesophageal, pedal-pedal connective.
sint1 can cause phase advance/delay.
There is reciprocal inhibition between left and right sint1 neurons, via direct IPSP.
sint1 innervates motoneurons.
sint1 and sint2 are electrically coupled.
Mutual inhibition between sint2 neurons.
Mutual inhibition between sint2 and the contralateral sint1
Activity in Sint1 and Sint2 dissociates during other locomotor behaviors.
the CPG for swimming is formed dynamically, when activity in the sint1 and sint2 cell pairs becomes bound together. When this does not occur, the same interneurons appear to function independently during the performance of other behaviors that involve the same or similar musculature, such as turning.
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